Frequently Asked Questions

GENERAL QUESTIONS

US Citizens, green card holders earning in excess of 10000 US Dollars, or a non-resident alien with sources of income in the US

Social Security no. or an ITIN (individual tax identification number) for yourself and those claimed as dependents in your filing

A loss on the sale or exchange of personal use property, including a loss on the sale of your home used by you as your personal residence at the time of sale, is not deductible. Only losses associated on property used in a trade or business and investment property (for example, stocks) are deductible

No. After you moved out from USA and your earned income is not in the US (and you have not paid taxes in the US), you are not eligible for a refund via additional child tax credit. Even if you claim it, there is every possibility that IRS refuses the refund. It has become a contentious issue with the IRS when people who don’t have a US source of income seek to claim a refund via additional child tax credit.

More often than not you will file more taxes when you file separately. However, when filing jointly your liability is higher than when you were single.

You may be eligible for some provision but remember the provision in the US are tighter allowing shorter periods of time to satisfy the replacement clauses. It is important that you speak to a consultant before the event.

FBAR, FORM 8938 AND FORM 8621

US Citizens, green card holders earning in excess of 10000 US Dollars, or a non-resident alien with sources of income in the US

Social Security no. or an ITIN (individual tax identification number) for yourself and those claimed as dependents in your filing

To claim your child as your dependent, your child must meet the qualifying child test or the qualifying relative test. To meet the qualifying child test, your child must be younger than you and as of the end of the calendar year, either be younger than 19 years old or be a student and younger than 24 years old. There is no age limit on claiming your child as a dependent if the child meets the qualifying relative test.

As long as you meet all of the following tests, you may claim a dependency exemption for your child:

a) Qualifying child or qualifying relative test

b) Dependent taxpayer test

c) Citizen or resident test, and

d) Joint return test

A loss on the sale or exchange of personal use property, including a loss on the sale of your home used by you as your personal residence at the time of sale, is not deductible. Only losses associated on property used in a trade or business and investment property (for example, stocks) are deductible

FBAR, FORM 8938 AND FORM 8621

i. It is mandatory to disclose information to IRS relating to foreign bank accounts details, assets, and Mutual Fund transactions

ii. Form 114 [FBAR] is the form which is used to disclose the information relating to foreign bank accounts. Though it is an informational form only, penalty will be charged in case of failure to report

iii. Form 8621 – Sale transactions from Mutual Funds will be reported in this form and gain will be considered as other income in Form 1040.

iv. Form 8938 – Based on the threshold limit, it may be required to file this form. If all the information already got filed in Form 8621 then it is enough to specify the form filed details in this Form 8938

v. The penalties of non-reporting or not complying to above requirements is stiff, and includes both a monetary penalty and jail time

FBAR reporting is applicable to US Citizens, Resident Aliens, Entities created, organized or formed under the US Law.
FRAR reporting is mandatory when the cumulative maximum balance of foreign financial interest in the reporting year exceeds $10,000.

By June 30th of the year following the tax year

Yes, if a company that you are a stakeholder in is a company which has foreign accounts, this information may have to be included in your FBAR disclosures

The term foreign financial interest includes bank accounts (any type of account), securities accounts and other financial interests such as: accounts of a person in the business of accepting deposits as a financial agency, having Insurance or annuity policies, accounts with a broker who acts as broker or dealer for futures or options transactions in commodities (per rules of commodity exchange or association), and accounts with Mutual Funds or similar pooled funds and other investment funds. Remember if you are a stakeholder in a foreign company, additional information may have to be included on your FBAR disclosures.

On Form 8938 you need to report only financial assets (such as bank accounts, Mutual Funds etc.) and not the physical assets

The IRS has stated that failure to file the form will make your form defective and therefore the statute of limitation never applies, which means that they can open your returns for prior years at any time.

If you are a greater than 10% stake holder of a foreign company, or an officer, or a director, you will have to file a form 5471.

FOREIGN EXCLUSION AND FOREIGN TAX CREDIT

Income earned in other countries (other than the US) and taxes paid to that country can be shown in US returns. There are two options: One involves claiming exclusion and the other involves claiming foreign tax credit (FTC). Form 2555 has to be filed if we claim exclusion. Form 1116 has to be filed in the case of FTC.

Merits: In general, filing an exclusion means getting more income from that foreign country
De-Merits: Carry-back or carry forward option is not available. This exclusion is available only for earned income and doesn’t apply to passive income. If you choose to revoke Foreign earned income exclusion, then you will not be able to claim the exclusion for the next 5 years. To file exclusion, we will have to submit a proper explanation statement to the IRS

Merits: Carry back can be done for 1 year and carry forward for 10 years.
De-Merits: Foreign tax credit cannot be claimed for taxes paid on any income which has been excluded from US taxation using the foreign earned income exclusion option

Once you choose to claim an exclusion, that choice remains in effect for that year and all future years unless it is revoked. To revoke your choice, you must attach a statement to your return for the first year stating that you do not wish to claim the exclusion(s). If you revoke your choice, you cannot claim the exclusion(s) for the next 5 tax years without the approval of the IRS

One can either bifurcate according to the US financial year or they can show the income and tax paid according to the other country’s financial year in the US return. But the same format should be followed in subsequent years while filing. It would be better if we bifurcate according to the US financial year.

Based on the Adjusted Gross Income, foreign tax paid gets calculated. Hence one cannot claim the entire carryover in the next year itself. In the above example, based on the AGI, credit allowed may be limited and the balance will be carried forward to subsequent years

Dividend received in India is net amount received after tax deduction. This tax amount paid in India can be shown as foreign tax paid in your US return.

PAYMENT / REFUND

i. By Check

ii. Direct withdrawal from account by giving the necessary account details while filing

iii. Direct Pay from the IRS approved Direct Pay Website

iv. Online payment - Please go to the web link: https://www.officialpayments.com/index.jsp

IRS issues most refunds within 21 days

When the government finishes processing the return, the status is updated on the government web-site regarding the refund. If refund is requested by direct deposit to a US bank account, it will be received within 6 weeks from that point. If a check is requested, usually it takes about 30 – 45 days for the check to be received by the tax filler at their Indian address.

You can check the status of your refund online by using the Where’s My Refund? web service. In order to view status information, you will be prompted to enter the first social security number listed on your tax return

Information on Where's My Refund? is for the most recent tax year IRS has on their files. You can check on the status of your refund 24 hours after you e-file. If you filed a paper return, it will take 4 weeks.

No, it does not provide information about amended tax returns. However you can check the status of your Form 1040X (.pdf), and you amended US Individual Income Tax Return using the Where's My Amended Return?” (WMAR) online tool and the new toll-free telephone line 866-464-2050 three weeks after you file your amended return. WMAR provides personalized, automated, and the most up-to-date information on the status of amended returns in both English and Spanish. You can check the status of a Form 1040X filed for the current year and up to three years prior to that.

No, it does not provide information about amended tax returns. However you can check the status of your Form 1040X (.pdf), and you amended US Your refund should only be deposited directly into accounts that are in your own name, your spouse's name or both, if it's a joint account. Also, no more than three electronic refunds can be directly deposited into a single financial account or pre-paid debit card. Taxpayers who exceed the limit will receive an IRS notice and a paper refund.

EXPATRIATION AND REPATRIATION

US Citizens, green card holders earning in excess of 10000 US Dollars, or a non-resident alien with sources of income in the US

Social Security no. or an ITIN (individual tax identification number) for yourself and those claimed as dependents in your filing

To claim your child as your dependent, your child must meet the qualifying child test or the qualifying relative test. To meet the qualifying child test, your child must be younger than you and as of the end of the calendar year, either be younger than 19 years old or be a student and younger than 24 years old. There is no age limit on claiming your child as a dependent if the child meets the qualifying relative test.

As long as you meet all of the following tests, you may claim a dependency exemption for your child:

a) Qualifying child or qualifying relative test

b) Dependent taxpayer test

c) Citizen or resident test, and

d) Joint return test

A loss on the sale or exchange of personal use property, including a loss on the sale of your home used by you as your personal residence at the time of sale, is not deductible. Only losses associated on property used in a trade or business and investment property (for example, stocks) are deductible

FEMA

US Citizens, green card holders earning in excess of 10000 US Dollars, or a non-resident alien with sources of income in the US

Social Security no. or an ITIN (individual tax identification number) for yourself and those claimed as dependents in your filing

To claim your child as your dependent, your child must meet the qualifying child test or the qualifying relative test. To meet the qualifying child test, your child must be younger than you and as of the end of the calendar year, either be younger than 19 years old or be a student and younger than 24 years old. There is no age limit on claiming your child as a dependent if the child meets the qualifying relative test.

As long as you meet all of the following tests, you may claim a dependency exemption for your child:

a) Qualifying child or qualifying relative test

b) Dependent taxpayer test

c) Citizen or resident test, and

d) Joint return test

A loss on the sale or exchange of personal use property, including a loss on the sale of your home used by you as your personal residence at the time of sale, is not deductible. Only losses associated on property used in a trade or business and investment property (for example, stocks) are deductible